Pope Pius II of Rome is the founder of the Bethlehem Order. During his studies at the university he read out the works of Cicero, Livia, and, imitating Roman poets, wrote erotic poetry. Was a humanist. He showed diplomatic skills at the court of the German Emperor Frederick III, and then became his personal secretary.
At the age of 40 he received the priesthood and was appointed Bishop of Siena, then Cardinal, and finally Pope. Being a humanist, Pius supported the development of cultural life in the papal court. He was interested in classical literature, writing Latin poems. He strongly supported attempts to find a cure for the plague that raged then.
At the court of Pius II, a letter was written to the Turkish sultan, calling for conversion to Christianity. He founded the military Order of St. Mary of Bethlehem. next to Pope Cardinal Caprara – he was appointed first consul of France – papal legate at the court of Pap Pius II.
The residence of Caprara was Paris. In 1802 he was appointed Pope by the Archbishop of Milan. And in 1804 he inclined Pius II to travel to Paris for the coronation of Napoleon. Caprara, as archbishop of Milan, crowned Napoleon as king of Italy, wearing a crown.
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