The picture, along with the paired to it and also the composition “Diana and Callisto” also in Edinburgh, is included in the cycle of “poetry” written by Titian for Philip II.
Titian mentions the work on “Diana and Acteon” and “Diana and Callisto” in a letter to Philip II in 1556; June 19, 1559, he informs Philip II that the paintings are coming to an end. In 1560 they were received by the customer.
In 1704 the Spanish King Philip V presented them to the French ambassador to Spain, the Duke de Gramon, and the latter presented them to the French regent of the Duke of Orleans.
In 1798, both paintings were bought by the Duke of Bridgewater. In 1946, the Duke of Sutherland transferred them for display to the National Gallery of Scotland. In the Vienna Museum of Art History there is a replica of “Diana and Callisto”. Both pictures were copied many times